SharePoint 2010 Configuration Database has a huge LOG File size problem.

You detected that SharePoint 2010 configuration database has a big LOG file size and you have  a low disk space problem.

This is happening because SharePoint Configuration Database are set to full recovery mode by default. Full recovery mode does not auto shrink / truncate the log files on a full backup. In this mode System Admins are responsible to maintaining getting Transactional Log Backups and Shrinking Log files. If Simple recovery mode is selected when you get a full backup the log files will be shrinked. But Microsoft does not recommend changing to simple recovery mode in a production environment.

You can check the Recovery mode by using SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) by selecting “SharePoint Config” database (Right Click)-> Properties -> Options.

Full recovery mode allows the SQL admins to backup the transcation logs incrementally, simple recovery mode does not allow this and only allows full or differential backups, no transaction log backups. And Full Recorvery mode has provide you to recovery at specific time manner.

For more information about SQL Server Recovery Models
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms189275.aspx

SharePoint Configuration Database is the heart of a SharePoint farm and according to size of farm lots of transactions happens.Especially every Timer Job run can cause high transactions on SharePoint Configuration Database. And There are nothing to prevent or reduce this logs rate by making any changes on SharePoint Side.

So for production enviroments SQL Admin should make a recovery and maintenance plans for preventing unnecessary growth of log files. It should be done by getting frequently Transactional Log backups and shrinking transaction log files.

The frequency has changed  system by system. It could be done 30 min to 1 day frequency, according to your transaction log growth.To prevent this kind of problem, make automize or manuelly get your Transactional backups and shrink the log files for a defined period.

For Backup Transaction Log Please check fallowing artcile:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms179478.aspx

For Shrink Transaction Log file:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190757.aspx